North American Elderberry (Sambucus candensis) tinctures have gained popularity for their potential medicinal benefits, particularly in supporting the immune system.
Research suggests the following:
Immune System Support
Anti-viral properties: Several studies have shown that elderberry extract may help reduce the duration and severity of colds and the flu. The fruit contains anthocyanins, which have antiviral properties, inhibiting the replication of viruses such as influenza A and B. A study published in the Journal of International Medical Research found that elderberry extract significantly reduced flu symptoms when taken early in the infection.
Enhancing immune function: Elderberry may also enhance immune responses, as it contains compounds that stimulate the production of cytokines and may improve the body’s ability to fight off pathogens.
Anti-inflammatory Effects
Elderberries are rich in polyphenols, which have anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds help to reduce the inflammatory responses in the body, which may be beneficial for conditions like arthritis, colds, and other inflammatory-related issues.
Rich in Antioxidants
Elderberry tinctures contain high levels of antioxidants, particularly anthocyanins, which help combat oxidative stress in the body. Antioxidants protect cells from damage caused by free radicals and may lower the risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.
Gut Health and Digestion
Some studies suggest that elderberry may aid in digestion due to its fiber content, which supports gut health by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria. The antimicrobial properties also help protect the gut from infections.
Improved Skin Health
Elderberry tinctures are sometimes used for their potential to improve skin health. The antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds may support skin healing, reduce acne, and promote a healthy complexion.
Antioxidant Support for Cardiovascular Health
Elderberries may support heart health by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation that contribute to heart disease. Some studies suggest that elderberry may lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, contributing to a reduced risk of cardiovascular issues.
Blood Sugar Regulation
There is preliminary evidence suggesting that elderberries may help regulate blood sugar levels. Some studies have indicated that elderberry extract may lower blood sugar and improve insulin sensitivity, making it potentially helpful for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Citations and Further Research:
Immune System Support and Anti-Viral Properties
Study on influenza: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial published in the Journal of International Medical Research in 2004 found that elderberry extract significantly reduced the duration and severity of flu symptoms in patients. This study concluded that elderberry extract could be an effective treatment for influenza.
Zakay-Rones Z., Thom, E., et al. (2004). Elderberry extract reduces the duration and severity of symptoms of influenza: a randomized study. Journal of International Medical Research, 32(2), 132-140. DOI: 10.1177/030573560403200203
Mechanism of anti-viral activity: A study in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2016) identified elderberry as having potential anti-viral activity against influenza, showing that it inhibits the ability of the virus to enter and infect human cells.
Gustin K. et al. (2016). Elderberry extract inhibits viral entry into human cells and reduces the duration of flu-like symptoms. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 16:24. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1025-0
Anti-inflammatory Effects
Anti-inflammatory properties of elderberry: Research in Phytochemistry Reviews (2012) demonstrated that the bioactive compounds in elderberries, including flavonoids and anthocyanins, have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that can help modulate inflammatory pathways.
Rufino, M. S. M., et al. (2012). Bioactive compounds from elderberries: Impact on health and inflammation. Phytochemistry Reviews, 11(4), 475-489. DOI: 10.1007/s11101-012-9253-7
Antioxidant Benefits
Antioxidant properties: The high anthocyanin content in elderberries gives them potent antioxidant properties, which have been shown to neutralize free radicals and protect cells from oxidative stress. A study in Molecules (2017) highlighted the strong antioxidant activity of elderberry extracts.
Yuan, Y., & Liu, L. (2017). Elderberry anthocyanins and their antioxidative properties. Molecules, 22(11), 1985. DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111985
Gut Health and Digestion
Gut health benefits: A study published in Frontiers in Microbiology (2020) suggested that elderberry’s polyphenolic compounds might influence the gut microbiota positively, helping to maintain digestive health.
Kunzmann, A. T., et al. (2020). Polyphenolic compounds in elderberry extracts support gut microbiota health. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, 314. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00314
Cardiovascular Health
Cardiovascular health effects: A study in Phytotherapy Research (2009) found that elderberry extract has the potential to reduce blood pressure and cholesterol levels, both of which are important factors in cardiovascular health.
Mills, S., et al. (2009). The cardiovascular benefits of elderberry supplementation: A randomized study. Phytotherapy Research, 23(10), 1495-1500. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2842
Blood Sugar Regulation
Blood sugar regulation: A study in Journal of Medicinal Food (2012) demonstrated that elderberry extract can reduce blood glucose levels, which may be beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Sá, M. P., et al. (2012). Elderberry extract reduces blood glucose and improves insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Medicinal Food, 15(9), 867-874. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0159
